미국의 부패경찰관 규제시스템에 관한 연구 - 뉴욕경찰청을 중심으로 - = A Study on the US Corrupt Police Officer Regulation System - Focusing on the New York Police Department -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study analyzes the corrupt police officer regulatory system in the United States and presents its dilemma or implications. Due to the complex legal system in the United States, the punishment for the same corruption is different. This gives police officers the false impression that a colleague has been sacrificed in order to uphold noble justice. Federal disciplinary laws make it difficult to punish corrupt police officers because they determine the necessity of using firearms or violent force from the police officer's point of view. After all, the government is making a practice of closing corruption cases with a large civil settlement. Sanctions are required when the New York Police Commissioner does not accept the civil complaint review committee's disciplinary recommendation for corrupt police officers.Violence and excessive use of firearms by US police officers are increasing the number of civilian deaths. It should be recognized that punishing only the problem cops, like the rotten apple theory, is not an essential solution. Corruption among civilian police officers is also serious, and a separate anti-corruption policy is needed. US police need to make efforts to restore the trust and status of the police, which have been lost to the extent that the theory of abolition of the police force is spreading. In addition, the corruption control system of the police organization should be systematically overhauled.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구는 미국의 부패경찰관 규제시스템을 분석하고 그 딜레마 또는 시사점을 제시한다. 미국은 복잡한 법체계로 인해 동일한 부패행위에 대해서도 처벌이 다르다. 이는 경찰관들에게 고결한 정의를 지키기 위해 동료가 희생당했다는 잘못된 인식을 준다. 연방법 등은 경찰관의 총기나 과도한 물리력의 필요성을 경찰관의 관점에서 판단토록 하여 부패경찰관의 처벌이 쉽지 않다. 결국 정부가 거액의 민사합의로 부패사건을 마무리하는 관행을 만들고 있다. 뉴욕경찰청장이 민원심사위원회의 부패경찰관 징계권고를 수용하지 않을 시 제재가 필요하다.
미 경찰관들의 폭력 및 과도한 총기 사용으로 피해 시민 사망자가 엄청나게 증가하고 있다. 썩은 사과이론과 같이 문제경찰만을 처벌하는 것은 본질적인 해결책이 아니라는 것을 인식해야 한다. 민간인 경찰직원의 부패 역시 심각한 지경이며, 별도의 부패규제정책이 필요하다. 미국 경찰은 경찰폐지론이 확산될 만큼 실추된 경찰의 신뢰와 위상을 회복하려는 노력이 필요하다. 그리고 경찰조직의 부패규제 시스템을 체계적으로 정비해야 한다.

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