노인의 수면양상과 관련요인에 관한 연구 = Sleep Pattern and Related Factors among Community Dwelling Elderly

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Sleep is an essential component in health and the quality of life of individual. Normally, sleep pattern changes with advancing age. These changes often result in sleep impairment and become a major stressor in elderly.
Even though the elderly is the fastest growing population, sleep impariment among elderly has not been well documented, few studies have been conducted related to the sleep of the elderly in Korea. The purpose of this study is to explore sleep pattern, related factors, and sleep satisfaction among healthy community-dwelling elderly, in order to present basic informations regarding Korean elder's sleep. 170 subjects over 60-yer-old were participated in the study. The survey questionnaire was developed by translation and modification of two well-known sleep questionnaires which originally developed by Monroe(1967) and Ellis, et al.(1982). Pilot study was done liefore final contents of a questionnaire was organized.
SPSS/PC+ was utilized for data analysis. Results as follows:
1. Sleep pattern changes were reported by 75% of the subjects: decline in sleep time: frequent awakening: difficulty in falling asleep; lack of deep sleep; falling asleep early and getting up early; sleepy; decline in early morning sleep; irregular sleep habit; early retiring in bed.
2. Most of the subjects reported to fall asleep between 9-11pm, and get up between 4-6am. Forty point one percent of the subjects stated that they have problems in falling asleep. More than 70% reported their sleep to be satisfied. Sixty one point eight responded that they hardly or never take a nap.
3. Regarding sleep-disturbing factors, physical factor(30.1%), emotional factor(44.2%), environmental factor(41.0%) were reported.
4. Nineteen point two of the subjects practiced some types of strategies for better sleep. But a few(12.8%) used hypnotics, mainly in occasional base.
5. Variables showed statistically significant differences in sleep satisfaction were; getting up right away upon waking; frequency of awakening during night time sleep; difficulty in falling asleep; feeling rested upon waking int eh morning ; difficulty in going back to sleep upon awakening during night time sleep.
From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the elderly in the community do have some sleep impairment but do not practice adequate strategies for better sleep. Further research are needed to develop better sleep measurement tool, to compare sleep pattern with other age groups and to develop nursing intervention.