흑마늘의 이화학적 특성

국문 초록 (Abstract)

생마늘, 찐마늘(100oC, 20분) 및 흑마늘의 이화학적 특성을 비교한 결과 적색도는 흑마늘에서 2.86으로 월등히 높은 값이었고, 명도와 황색도는 흑마늘에서 각각 22.52±0.17과 3.19±0.68로 가장 낮았다. 일반성분 중 조지방, 조단백 및 총당은 흑마늘＞찐마늘＞생마늘의 순으로 높았고, 수분의 함량은 흑마늘에서 58.20±0.39%로 이와 상반된 결과를 나타내었다. pH는 생마늘에서 6.84±0.01이었으나 찐마늘은 6.54±0.02, 흑마늘은 4.36±0.06으로 점차 산성화 되는 경향이었다. 생마늘의 total pyruvate 함량은 188.47±3.03 μ㏖/g이었으며 찐마늘과 흑마늘은 각각 77.03±0.97 μ㏖/g과 277.85±2.57 μ㏖/g이었다. Total thiosulfate의 함량은 찐마늘에서 가장 낮았으며, 다음으로 생마늘 및 흑마늘 순이었다. 유리당 중 arabinose와 galactose는 흑마늘에서 각각 1.62±0.30 ㎎/100 g과 13.11±1.73 ㎎/100 g이었으며, 생마늘에서는 glucose, 찐마늘에서는 sucrose, 흑마늘에서는 fructose의 함량이 가장 높았다. 무기물은 칼륨의 함량이 다른 무기물에 비하여 월등히 그 함량이 높아 전체 무기물 함량의 약 76%를 차지하였다. 구성아미노산은 모든 시료에서 glutamic acid, arginine 및 aspartic acid의 함량이 다른 아미노산에 비해 월등히 높았으며, ammonia를 제외한 모든 아미노산이 생마늘에 비해 흑마늘에서 높게 정량되었다. 유리아미노산은 생마늘과 찐마늘에서는 총 15종이 검출되었으나 흑마늘에서는 taurine, L-aspartic acid, glycine, L-α-aminoiso-n-butyric acid 및 γ-amino-n-butyric acid를 포함한 총 5종의 아미노산과 urea 및 O-phosphoethanolamine이 더 검출되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Physicochemical characteristics of black garlic were analyzed. Colorimetry measurement showed that the black garlic, compared with fresh and steamed garlics, was the highest in a value and the lowest in L and b values. Crude lipid, crude protein, and total sugars were the highest in black garlic, which was followed by steamed and fresh garlic. On the other hand, moisture content was the lowest in the black garlic and the highest in the fresh garlic. The pH of garlics was ca. 6.8, 6.5, and 4.4 in fresh, steamed, and black garlic, respectively, which indicated that garlics tended to be acidified with the thermal processing. Total pyruvate and total thiosulfinates were the lowest in steamed garlic (77 μ㏖/g and 0.07 OD/g for each) and the highest in black garlic (278 μ㏖/g and 0.77 OD/g). Arabinose and galactose were detected only in black garlic and their contents were 1.6 and 13 mg/100 g, respectively. Free sugars such as glucose, sucrose and fructose were the highest in the order of fresh, steamed, and black garlic. Potassium was a predominant mineral in all garlics, constituting 76% of total minerals. Glutamic acid, arginine, and aspartic acid were the major composition amino acids in all garlics, regardless of processing conditions. 15 kinds of free amino acids were detected in fresh and steamed garlic, while five more free amino acids, O-phosphoethanolamine, and urea were additionally detected in black garlic.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract
• 서론
• 재료 및 방법
• 결과 및 고찰
• 요약
• 문헌

참고문헌 (Reference)

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