지속가능관광개발지표(STDI)에 관한 연구 = (A) study of sustainable tourism development indicators in Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Global awareness of issues such as rapid economic development, environment pollution and the exhaustion of natural resources in the world has brought to the fore a kind of 'crisis consciousness', relating to a perceived threat to mankind's right of existence. One consequence of this crisis consciousness is the recognized need to develop a new strategy for real sustainable development. The sustainable development concepts that began with economically and socially developed countries has generally become a mantra for all. This mantra however is not universal in its application and needs to be considered in the light of country specific needs.
This proposed study concerns itself with just that the development of sustainable tourism indicators specifically for Korea. In other words, this study has the intention to create a set of specific indicators focusing on sustainable tourism development in Korea. For tourism development to proceed with long run sustainability positive relationships between all stakeholders are essential, as is cooperation and coordination with the various arms of the government, especially in relation to policy development.
The initial phase of this study required the development of a survey instrument to be directed towards regional people who had worked in the tourism sector in the past or who were currently employed in the sector. After development and initial testing, the survey instrument was distributed to three hundred and fifty identified stakeholders living in Seoul-city, Daegu-city, Daejeon-city, Kyeonggi-do, Kangwon-do, Chungcheongbuk-do, Chungcheongnam-do, and Kyeongsangbuk-do between July and August 2004. Two hundred and fifty were retuned (71.4％ response rate) however only one hundred and twenty six were complete enough for full statistical analysis (36.0％). The results were analysed using Kendall's coefficient of concordance (a nonparametric measure of association) and standard factor analysis.
On this basis, five dimensions were identified as significant in defining sustainable tourism namely. The five dimensions are Master plans, Stable growth economies, History and culture, Environmental elements and Policies and systems with more weight given to the first and second elements and the least to the fourth and fifth elements.
In terms of tourism resources, policies and systems are seen as more relevant to tourism typologies such as mountains, leisure and city tourism while master plans relate more to societies and culture and stable growth economies to rivers and lakeside tourism typology.
The issue of stable growth economies is seen as being particularly significant and relevant to the government or official group, while master planning was related more to professors, researchers and businessmen.
In terms of stable growth economies the twelve questions along this dimension collapsed into these elements(written in rank order of importance) as Regional economies from the tourism development, Traveler preferences and, the number and yield of travelers.
The thirteen questions associated with the environment collapsed into these significant elements which are the layout of tour facilities to make friends with the environment such as general planning and construction, drainage systems and trash removal by the tour facilities generally, and The quality of the environment such as respect to air and noise pollution.
The fifteen questions relating to history and culture distilled into the dimensions of Creation of special images for regional areas, cleanliness and friendliness in tourism areas and charms of the tourism resources.
Thirteen questions related to policies and systems found these dimensions to be significant such as the development of event tourism in nature based tourism, public relationship relating to sustainable tourism and Funding.
The six questions relating to master plans and planning found these elements to be important, process scheduling, forecasting of tourism demanding; and Funding and investment is planning.
The tourism typologies that were found to be the most in need of tourism resources were found to be Historical ＆ cultural, Mountains, Islands and seashore, River and lakeshore, and leisure and city.
In terms of sustainable tourism standards and the reciprocity between tourism resources types the most significant typology was found to be river and lakeshore, while environmental elements were associated with mountains and societies and stable growth economies with islands and seashore.
This study while useful in itself was none the less limited in terms of scope and time. Furthermore some of the responses may have suffered because of differing perceptions amongst the respondents as to what exactly the concept of sustainable tourism development means to them.
What is needed now is a continued development and evolution of a more appropriate and region specific model of sustainable tourism development. I trust that some of the parameters and elements discovered during the course of this research will be useful and practical in such a process.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• 제1장 서론 = 1
• 제1절 연구의 배경 = 1
• 제2절 연구의 목적 = 3
• 제3절 연구방법 및 범위 = 5
• 제2장 이론적 고찰 = 7
• 제1절 지속가능관광개발의 개념 = 7
• 1. 지속가능관광개발 개념 = 7
• 2. 구성요소 = 12
• 3. 기준 및 원칙 = 13
• 4. 모형 = 15
• 5. 국제동향 = 16
• 제2절 지속가능관광개발에 대한 국내 · 외 선행연구 = 20
• 1. 개관 = 20
• 2. 국내연구 = 24
• 3. 국외연구 = 25
• 4. 도출된 문제점 = 29
• 5. 선행연구 종합 = 31
• 제3절 지속가능관광개발 지표 = 32
• 1. 지표의 정의와 특성 = 32
• 2. 지표의 기준 및 성격 = 33
• 3. 지속가능관광개발지표 평가기준 = 34
• 4. 지속가능관광개발 지표 사례 = 36
• 5. 지속가능관광개발 지표 선정기준 및 구조 = 42
• 6. 세계관광기구(WTO)의 지속가능관광 지표 사례 = 47
• 제4절 지속가능관광개발 지표의 구성 = 50
• 1. 경제적 지속성 = 51
• 2. 환경적 지속성 = 53
• 3. 사회 · 문화적 지속성 = 58
• 4. 정책 · 제도적 지속성 = 62
• 5. 관광개발계획의 지속성 = 63
• 제3장 연구 설계 = 66
• 제1절 연구모형 = 66
• 1. 연구모형 = 66
• 2. 연구 과제 설정 = 67
• 제2절 연구 설계 = 68
• 1. 표본설계 = 68
• 2. 실증분석 과정 = 68
• 3. 조사대상 = 69
• 4. 조사도구 개발 = 69
• 제4장 실증분석 = 76
• 제1절 조사대상자의 인구통계적 특성 및 관광자원유형 평가 = 76
• 1. 조사대상자의 인구 통계적 사항에 관한 분석 = 76
• 2. 관광자원별 지속가능관광개발의 필요성 평가 = 77
• 제2절 지속가능관광개발 지표 평가 요인화 = 78
• 제3절 지속가능관광개발 지표에 관한 분석 및 평가 = 80
• 1. 관광자원별 지속가능관광개발 지표 평가 = 80
• 2. 집단별 지속가능관광개발 지표 평가 = 90
• 3. 지속가능관광개발 기준의 요인평가 = 98
• 4. 관광개발지표요인과 관광자원간의 대응일치분석 = 102
• 제5장 결론 = 104
• 제1절 연구의 요약 = 104
• 제2절 시사점 = 109
• 제3절 연구의 한계 및 향후 연구방향 = 110
• 1. 연구의 한계 = 110
• 2. 향후 연구 방향 = 112
• 참고문헌 = 113
• 설문지 = 123
• ABSTRACT = 128