Sources of Chinese tradition

목차 (Table of Contents)

• [Volume. 1]----------
• CONTENTS
• Explanatory Note = xxi
• Preface = xxiii
• Chronology = xxvii
• PART ONE The Chinese Tradition in Antiquity = 1
• 1. The Oracle-Bone Inscriptions of the Late S hang Dynasty / DAVID N. KEIGHTLEY = 3
• The Shang Dynasty = 3
• The Oracle Bone Inscriptions = 5
• Shang Conceptions of Time = 6
• Divination and Administration = 7
• The Power of the Dead = 8
• The High God(Di)and Other Powers = 10
• Regularity of the Ancestral Cult = 14
• Divination and the Ancestors = 15
• Divination and Legitimation = 16
• The Origins of Historical Rectitude : Fallibility and Accuracy in the Shang Divination Records = 17
• Divinatory "Failure" and the Origins of History = 19
• The Role of the King = 20
• The Evolution of Shang Divination = 20
• The Legacy of Shang = 21
• 2. Classical Sources of Chinese Tradition / BURTON WATSON ; DAVID S. NIVISON ; IRENE BLOOM = 24
• The Classic of Documents = 29
• The "Canon of Yao" and the "Canon of Shun" = 29
• The Grand Model = 31
• The Metal-Bound Coffer = 32
• Shao Announcement = 35
• The Classic of Odes = 37
• From the Greater Odes and Sacrificial Odes of Zhou = 37
• Airs from the States = 39
• 3. Confucius and the Analects / IRENE BLOOM = 41
• Selections from the Analects = 44
• 4. Mozi : Utility, Uniformity, and Universal Love / BURTON WATSON = 64
• Selections from the Mozi = 66
• Section 9 : "Honoring the Worthy"(Part 2) = 66
• Section 11 : "Identifying with the Superior"(Part i) = 68
• Section 16 : "Universal Love"(Part 3) = 69
• Section 26 : "The Will of Heaven"(Part 1) = 72
• Section 27 : "The Will of Heaven"(Part 2) = 74
• Section 39 : "Against Confucians"(Part 2) = 75
• 5. The Way of Laozi and Zhuangzi = 77
• Metaphysics and Government in the Laozi(I. BLOOM) = 77
• From the Daodeiang = 79
• Transformation and Transcendence in the Zhuangzi(B. WATSON, A. C. GRAHAM} = 95
• From Chapter 1 "Free and Easy Wandering"(BW) = 96
• From Chapter 2 "The Sorting Which Evens Things Out"(ACG, IB) = 99
• From Chapter 3 "The Secret of Caring for Life"(BW) = 103
• From Chapter 4 "In the World of Men"(BW) = 105
• From Chapter 5 "The Sign of Virtue Complete"(BW) = 107
• From Chapter 6 "The Great and Venerable Teacher"(BW) = 108
• From Chapter 7 "Fit for Emperors and Kings"(W. T. de Bary) = 111
• 6. The Evolution of the Confucian Tradition in Antiquity = 112
• Mencius(I. BLOOM) = 114
• Selections from the Mencius = 116
• The Duty of Ministers to Reprove a Ruler = 124
• The Well-Field System of Landholding = 129
• Mencius' Arguments with Yang Zhu and Mozi = 134
• Xunzi(IB) = 159
• Selections from the Xunzi = 161
• Chapter 1 : "Encouraging Learning" = 161
• Chapter 2 : "Cultivating Oneself" = 164
• Chapter 9 : "The Regulations of the King" = 166
• Chapter 17 : "A Discussion of Heaven" = 170
• Chapter 19 : "A Discussion of Rites" = 174
• Chapter 21 : "Dispelling Obscuration" = 177
• Chapter 23 : "Human Nature Is Evil" = 179
• The Zuozhuan(B. WATSON) = 183
• Selections from the Zuozhuan = 184
• 7. Legalists and Militarists = 190
• The Guanzi(W. Allyn Rickett) = 192
• The Book of Lord Shang(J. J. L. Duyvendak) = 193
• The Han Feizi (B. Watson) = 199
• Li Si : Legalist Theories in Practice(BW) = 206
• Memorial on Annexation of Feudal States = 208
• Memorial on the Abolition of the Enfeoffment System = 209
• Memorial on the Burning of Books = 209
• Memorial on Exercising Heavy Censure = 210
• The Military Texts : The Sunzi(KIDDER SMITH) = 213
• Selections from the Sunzi = 216
• PART TWO The Making of a Classical Culture = 225
• 8. The Han Reaction to Qin Absolutism = 227
• Jia Yi : "The Faults of Qin"(Daniel W. Y. Kwok) = 228
• The Rebellion of Chen She and Wu Guang(B. Watson) = 231
• The Rise of Liu Bang, Founder of the Han(BW) = 232
• Liu Bang Becomes the First Emperor of the Han Dynasty(BW) = 233
• 9. Syricretic Visions of State, Society, and Cosmos / HAROLD ROTH ; SARAH QUEEN ; NATHAN SIVIN = 235
• The Theoretical Basis of the Imperial Institution = 236
• The Springs and Autumns of Mr. L$$\ddot u$$(L$$\ddot u$$shi chunqiu)(NS) = 236
• The Round Way = 238
• The Huang-Lao Silk Manuscripts(Huang-Lao boshu)(HR and SQ) = 241
• Book 1 : Normative Standards(Jingfa), Part 1 = 242
• Normative Standards(Jingfa), Part 5 = 247
• Normative Standards(Jingfa), Part 8 = 250
• Book 4 : The Source That Is the Way(Daoyuan) = 252
• The Guanzi = 256
• Techniques of the Mind, Ⅰ(Xinshu, shang)(HR) = 256
• The Syncretist Chapters of the Zhuangzi(A. C. Graham and B. Watson) = 263
• The Way of Heaven(Tiandao)(A. C. Graham)
• The World of Thought(Tianxia)(BW) = 264
• The Huainanzi on Rulership(HR) = 268
• Huainarzi 9, "The Techniques of Rulership"("Zhushu") = 269
• Huainanzi 1, "The Original Wat"("Yuandao") = 270
• Huainanzi 14 "Inquiring Words"("Quanyan") = 271
• The Medical Microcosm(NS) = 273
• The Divine Pivot = 275
• A Syncretist Perspective on the Six Schools = 278
• "On the Six Lineages of Thought," by Sima Tan(HR and SQ) = 278
• 10. The Imperial Order and Han Syntheses = 283
• Guidelines for Han Rulers(D. W. Y. KWOK) = 284
• Lu Jia : The Natural Order and the Human Order = 285
• Jia Yi : The Primacy of the People(Minben) = 290
• Dong Zhonphu = 292
• Luxuriant Gems of the Spring and Autumn Annals(Chunqiu fanlu)(S. Queen) = 295
• Deriving Political Norms from Microcosmic and Macrocosmic Models = 295
• "The Conduct of Heaven and Earth" = 295
• "Comprehending the State as the Body" = 297
• The Responsibilities of Rulership = 298
• "Establishing the Primal Numen" = 298
• "The Way of the King Penetrates Three" = 300
• Defining Human Nature = 302
• "An In-Depth Examination of Names and Designations" = 302
• Interpreting Omens = 305
• "Humaneness Must Precede Wisdom" = 305
• Self-Cultivation = 306
• "Standards of Humaneness and Rightness" = 307
• The Issue of Moral Autonomy = 309
• Deciding Court Cases According to the Spring and Autumn Annals = 310
• The Codifying of the Confucian Canon(B. WATSON) = 311
• State Orthodoxy = 311
• State University = 312
• Civil Service = 312
• The Rivalry Between Legalism and Confucianism = 313
• The Confucian Canon = 314
• The Establishment of Confucianism = 317
• The Formation of the Classic of Changes(Yijiug)(RICHARD JOHN LYNN) = 318
• The Commentary on the Appended Phrases, Part 1 = 319
• The Commentary on the Appended Phrases, Part 2 = 323
• Heaven, Earth, and the Human in the Classic of Filiality(Xiaojing)(WM. THEODORE DE BARY) = 325
• The Classic of Filiaity(Xiaojing) = 326
• The Record of Rites(Liji) and the Ritual Tradition = 329
• The Great Learning(Daxue)(I. Bloom) = 330
• The Mean(Zhongyong)(IB) = 333
• "The Meaning of Sacrifices"("Jiyi")(IB) = 339
• The "Evolution of Rites"("Liyun")(BW) = 342
• The "Record of Music"("Yueji")(IB) = 343
• Ban Gu : Discourses in the White Tiger Hall = 344
• Han Views of the Universal Order(BW) = 346
• The Creation of the Universe = 346
• From the Huainanzi = 346
• The Five Phases = 347
• The Reconstruction of Chinese History = 349
• The Concept and Marking of Time = 351
• 11. The Economic Order / BURTON WATSON = 353
• Edict of Emperor Wen on the Primacy of Agriculture(163 B. C. E.) = 354
• Chao Cuo : Memorial on the Encouragement of Agriculture = 355
• Dong Zhongshu : Memorial on Land Reform = 357
• State Control of Commerce and Industry = 358
• The Debate on Salt and Iron = 360
• The Reforms of Wang Mang = 363
• Wang Mang : Edict on Land Reform = 363
• 12. The Great Han Historians / BURTON WATSON = 367
• The Records of the Grand Historian = 368
• Sima Qian : The Sacred Duty of the Historian = 370
• The Writing of the First Dynastic History = 373
• PART THREE Later Daoism and Mah$$\bar a$$y$$\bar a$$na Buddhism in China = 375
• 13. Learning of the Mysterious / RICHARD JOHN LYNN ; WING-TSIT CHAN = 377
• Wang Bi(RJL) = 378
• General Remarks on the Changes of the Zhou(RJL) = 379
• General Remarks on the Subtle and Profound Meaning of the Laozi(RJL) = 381
• The Sage(RJL) = 385
• Quo Xiaing : Commentary on the Zhuangzi(WTC) = 386
• Xi Kang : On the Absence of Predetermination(WTC) = 390
• 14. Daoist Religion / FRANCISCUS VERELLEN ; NATHAN SIVIN ; KRISTOFER SCHIPPER = 392
• The Lives of the Immortals = 394
• Commandments of Lord Lao(KS) = 395
• Regulations for Petitioning(NS) = 396
• The Master Who Embraces Simplicity(FV) = 399
• The Doctrine of the Three Heavens(FV) = 400
• Pronouncements of the Perfected(KS) = 402
• The Five Sentiments of Gratitude(FV) = 404
• The Divine Incantations Scripture(NS) = 406
• Encounters with Immortals(FV) = 410
• The Western Journey of the Perfected Changchun(Arthur Waley) = 412
• 15. The Introduction of Buddhism / LEON HURVITZ ; TSAI HENG-TING = 415
• Basic Teachings of Buddhism = 415
• The Coming of Buddhism to China = 420
• Mouzi : Disposing of Error = 421
• Huiyuan : "A Monk Does Not Bow Down Before a King" = 426
• Admonitions of the Fanwang S$$\bar u$$tra(Tsai Heng-ting) = 429
• 16. Schools of Buddhist Doctrine / LEON HURVITZ ; BURTON WATSON ; DANIEL STEVENSON ; GEORGE TANABE ; WING-TSIT CHAN = 433
• The General Character of Doctrinal Buddhism = 433
• Schools of Chinese Buddhist Philosophy = 435
• The Three-Treatise School = 436
• Jizang : The Profound Meaning of the Three Treatises(LH) = 438
• The School of Consciousness-Only(WTC) = 440
• Xuanzang : Confirmation of the Consciousness-Only System(WTC) = 442
• The Lotus School : The Tiantai Synthesis(DS) = 444
• Excerpts from the Lotus S$$\bar u$$tra(BW) = 446
• Guanding : On the Five Periods of the Buddha's Teaching(DS) = 455
• Huisi : The Method of Calming and Contemplation in the Mah$$\bar a$$y$$\bar a$$na(LH) = 458
• Zhiyi : The Great Calming and Contemplation(LH) = 460
• Zklyi : The Lotus Sam$$\bar a$$dhi Rite of Repentance(DS) = 462
• Zhiyi on the Concept of Ritual Repentance(DS) = 467
• The Flower Garland(Huayan) School(CT) = 471
• The Flower Garden S$$\bar u$$tra = 472
• Buddhism's Assimilation to Tang Political Culture(C. ORZECH) = 476
• The Humane King as Protector of Buddhism = 477
• 17. Schools of Buddhist Practice / LEON HURVITZ ; DANIEL STEVENSON ; PHILIP B. YAMPOLSKY ; CH$$\ddot U$$N-FANG Y$$\ddot U$$ = 481
• The Pure Land School = 481
• Tanluan : Commentary to Vasubandhu's Essay on Rebirth(LH) = 483
• Daochuo : Compendium on the Happy Land(DS, LH) = 485
• Shandao : "The Parable of the White Path"(W. T. de Bary) = 489
• The Meditation School = 491
• The Platform S$$\bar u$$tra of the Sixth Patriarch(PBY) = 494
• Linji Yixuan : "Seeing Into One's Own Nature"(PBY) = 504
• Anecdotes of Master Caoshan(PBY) = 509
• Yuanwu : Blue Cliff Records(PBY) = 514
• The Legend of Baizhang, "Founder" of Chan Monastic Discipline(T. G. Foulk) = 517
• Regulations of the Chan School(Chanmen guzshi)(TGF) = 519
• Zongze : Principles of Seated Meditation(Zuochan)(C. Bielefeldt) = 522
• The Chanyuan Monastic Code(Ch$$\ddot u$$n-fang Y$$\ddot u$$) = 525
• Buddhist Rituals and Devotional Practices(CFY) = 529
• Zhongfang Mingben : Admonition on Filiality = 529
• Miracles of Guanyin = 531
• The Real Presence = 531
• Guanyin and Cutting One's Body(Gegu) = 532
• Miracles About White-Robed Guanyin as Giver of Children = 534
• The Southern Mount Wutai as a Pilgrimage Center = 535
• PART FOUR The Confucian Revival and Neo-Confucianism = 537
• 18. Social Life and Political Culture in the Tang = 539
• The Role of Confucianism in the Tang = 540
• House Instructions of Mr. Yan(Yanahi jiaxun)(A. Dien) = 541
• The Great Tang Code(WALLACE JOHNSON) = 546
• Zhansun Wuji : The Tang Code = 547
• Debates on Taxes and Enfeoffment in the Tang = 554
• Yang Yan Memorial Proposing the Twice-a-Year Tax(W. T. de Bary) = 554
• Lu Zhi : Against the Twice-a-Year Tax(WTdB) = 556
• Liu Zongyuan : "Essay on Enfeoffment"(J. Mason Gentaler) = 559
• Li Bo and Du Fu : Two Tang Poets in a Troubled World = 564
• Li Bo : "Fighting South of the Ramparts"(A. Waley) = 565
• Du Fu : "A Song of My Cares When Going from the Capital to Fengxian(Stephen Owen) = 566
• Han Yu and the Confucian "Way"(CHARLES HARTMAN) = 568
• "Essentials of the Moral Way"(CH) = 569
• "Poem on the Sagacious Virtue of Primal Harmony"(CH) = 574
• "Discourse on Teachers"(Shishuo)(B. Watson) = 582
• Memorial on the Bone of Buddha(BW) = 583
• Emperor Wuzong's Edict on the Suppression of Buddhism(BW) = 585
• 19. The Confucian Revival in the Song / WM. THEODORE DE BARY = 587
• Institutional, Educational, and Moral Reform in the Song = 590
• Ouyang Xiu : "Essay on Fundamentals"("Benlun") = 590
• On Parties = 595
• The Confucian Program of Reform = 596
• The Way as the Basis for Government Policy = 598
• Cheng Yi : Memorial to Emperor Renzong = 598
• Cheng Hao : Ten Matters Calling for Reform = 601
• Zhang Zai : Land Equalization and the Enfeoffment System = 605
• Su Xun : The Land System - A Dissenting View = 606
• The New Laws of Wang Anshi = 609
• Wang Anshi : Memorial to Emperor Renzong(1058) = 612
• Memorial on the Crop Loans Measure = 616
• Cheng Hao : Remonstrance Against the New Laws = 618
• Wang Anshi : In Defense of Five Major Policies = 619
• Opposition to the New Laws of Wang Anshi = 621
• Su Shi : Memorial to Emperor Shenzong = 621
• Sima Guang : A Petition to Do Away with the Most Harmful of the New Laws = 625
• Zhu Xi : Wang Anshi in Retrospect = 626
• The Learning of the Emperors and the Classics Mat = 628
• Fan Zuvu : The Learning of the Emperors(Marie Guarino) = 629
• Cheng Yi : Letter to the Empress Dowager Concerning the Classics Mat(MG) = 634
• Cheng Yi : Memorials to the Throne on the Classics Mat(MC) = 636
• Registering Public Opinion in the Song = 639
• Su Shi on Public Discourse(Charles Hartman) = 639
• Political Activities of Song University Students = 641
• Chen Dong : Memorial to Emperor Qinzong Declining Official Appointment(Thomas H. C. Lee) = 641
• Historical Reflections on Government(HOYT TILLMAN) = 644
• Chen Liang on Utility = 644
• "The Way of Order and the Way of Institutions, Past and Present" = 645
• "On People and Laws" = 647
• The Writing of History(CONRAD SCHIROKAUER) = 652
• Liu Zhiji(CS) = 654
• Du You : Preface to the section on "Food and Goods" of the Comprehensive Institutions(THCL) = 655
• Sima Guang : History as Mirror(CS) = 656
• Sn Che : The Authority of the Historian(CS) = 658
• L$$\ddot u$$ Zuqian : How to Study History(Burton Watson) = 659
• The Cheng Brothers : Cyclical and Linear Change(CS) = 660
• Zhu Xi : History and Philosophy in Tandem(BW) = 661
• Zheng Qiao : History as a Continuous Stream(BW) = 663
• Ma Duanlin : Institutional History(Hok-lam Chan) = 664
• 20. Neo-Confucianism : The Philosophy of Human Nature and the Way of the Sage = 667
• Zhou Dunyi : The Metaphysics and Practice of Sagehood(JOSEPH ADLER) = 669
• "Explanation of the Diagram of the Supreme Polarity"("Taijitu shuo") = 672
• Penetrating the Classic of Changes(Tongshu) = 676
• The Numerically Patterned Universe in the Philosophy of Shao Yong(ANNE BIRDWHISTELL) = 678
• On the Categories and Images of the Universe = 680
• On Human Experience = 680
• On Becoming a Sage = 681
• Zhang Zai and the Unity of All Creation(W. T. CHAN) = 682
• The "Western Inscription"("Ximing") = 683
• Correcting Youthful Ignorance = 684
• The Cheng Brothers : Principle Human Nature, and the Learning of the Way(WTC) = 689
• Principle and the Universe = 690
• Human Nature = 691
• Cheng Hao's Reply to Zhang Zai's Letter on the Stabilizing of Human Nature = 692
• Reverent Seriousness and Humanity = 693
• On Understanding the Nature of Humanity = 694
• The Synthesis of Song Neo-Confucianism in Zhu Xi(WTC, W. T. DE BARY) = 697
• Principle and Material-Force = 699
• The Supreme Ultimate(Polarity) = 701
• Heaven-and-Earth = 702
• Spiritual Beings = 703
• Human Nature, the Nature of Things, and Their Destiny = 704
• The Nature as Principle = 704
• Human Nature and the Nature of Things Compared = 706
• The Psycho-Physical Nature = 707
• The Mind-and-Heart = 708
• The Mind, the Nature, and the Feelings = 710
• Humaneness = 711
• Buddhism = 713
• The Universal Mind in Lu Jiuyuan(LIU SHU-HSIEN) = 714
• Mind Is Principle = 715
• Methods of Cultivation = 717
• Differences Between Lu Jiuyuan and Zhu Xi(WTC) = 719
• 21. Zhu Xi's Neo-Confiscian Program / WM. THEODORE DE BARY = 720
• Preface to the Great Learning by Chapter and Phrase = 721
• The Great Learning by Chapter and Phrase, Chapter 1 = 725
• Preface to the Mean by Chapter and Phrase = 731
• The Mean by Chapter and Phrase(Zhongyong Zhangiu), Chapter 1 = 734
• "Personal Proposals for Schools and Official Recruitment"(Ron Guey Chu) = 737
• "Articles of the White Deer Grotto Academy" = 742
• Preface to the Family Rituals(Patricia Ebrey) = 744
• "Proposal for Community Granaries"(Thomas H. C. Lee) = 746
• "Proclamation of Instructions"(R. G. Chu) = 748
• "The Lu Family Community Compact, Amended and Emended"(John Meskill) = 751
• 22. Ideological Foundations of Late Imperial China / WM. THEODORE DE BARY ; EDWARD FARMER ; JOHN DARDESS = 755
• Zhen Dnxiu's Advice to the Emperor(WTdB) = 755
• Preface to the Extended Meaning of the Great Learning = 757
• The Classic of the Mind-and-Heart = 760
• Xu Heng and Khubilai Khan(WTdB) = 764
• Five Measures Required by the Times = 765
• On Elementary Learning and Great Learning = 767
• Straight Talk on the Essentials of the Great Learning(Zhishuo Daxue yaol$$\ddot u$$e) = 770
• The Examination Debate Under Khubilai = 774
• Sage King and Sage Minister : Ouyang Xuan on Khubilai and Xu Heng = 778
• Ming Foundations of Late Imperial China = 779
• Ming Taizu : August Ming Ancestral Instruction(Edward Farmer) = 780
• The Ming Code and Commandments(EF) = 783
• Education and Examinations(John Dardess) = 786
• The Horizontal Stele(Disciplinary Rules for Students) = 787
• Ming Taizu : Placard for the Instruction of the People(EF) = 788
• Ming Taizu : Discussion of the Three Teachings(JD) = 791
• Fang Xiaoru : "Final Essay on the Legitimate Succession of Dynasties"(JD) = 793
• Lu Zongzhou : On Fang Xiaoru(Julia Ching) = 796
• Hu Guang : Memorial on the Great Compendia(JD) = 797
• 23. Neo-Confucian Education / WM. THEODORE DE BARY = 800
• Zhu Xi : Preface to the Elementary Learning = 803
• Wang Yinglin : The Three Character Classic(Sanzi Jing) = 804
• The Standard School Curriculum = 807
• "School Code of Masters Cheng and Dong"("Cheng-Dong er xiansheng xuece")(John Meskill) = 808
• Zhen Dexiu : "Instructions for Chi1dren"(R. G. Chu) = 811
• Zhu Xi's Reading Method = 812
• Cheng Duanmeng : "A Primer of Human Nature and Principle" = 814
• Cheng Duanli : "Daily Schedule of Study in the Cheng Family School, Graded According to Age"("Chengshi jiashu dushu fennian richeng")(JM) = 816
• Women's Education(THERESA KELLEHER) = 819
• Ban Zhao : Admonitions for Women(N$$\ddot u$$jie)(Nancy Lee Swann) = 821
• Madam Cheng : Classic of Filiality for Women(N$$\ddot u$$ xiaojing)(TK) = 824
• Song Ruozhao : Analects for Women(TK) = 827
• Empress Xu : Instructions for the Inner Quarters(Neixun)(TK) = 831
• Zhu Xi : Funerary Inscription for Madam You, Lady of Jia'nan(Bettine Birge) = 837
• 24. Self and Society in the Ming = 841
• Wang Yangming = 842
• Wang Yangming's New Learning of the Mind-and-Heart = 842
• Memoir on the Reconstruction of Shanyin Prefectural School(W. T. de Bary) = 843
• "Questions on the Great Learning"(W. T. Chan) = 844
• Preface to the Collected Writings of Lu Xiangshan(WTdB) = 847
• The Identification of Mind and Principle = 849
• The Unity of Knowing and Acting = 849
• The Colloquy at the Tianquan Bridge = 850
• Social and Political Measures of Wang Yangming = 851
• Fundamental Ideas on Elementary Education(WTC) = 852
• The Community Compact for Southern Ganzhou(WTC) = 853
• The Wang Yangming School = 855
• Wang Ji and die Freedom of Innate Knowing(WTdB) = 857
• Wang Gen : The Common Man as Sage(WTdB) = 859
• The Huainan Investigation of Things = 860
• "Clear Wisdom and Self-Preservation" = 861
• "The Enjoyment of Learning" = 863
• The Taizhou School as a Popular Movement = 864
• Li Zhi Arch-Individualist(WTdB) = 865
• The Childlike Mind-and-Heart = 867
• Phony Sages = 868
• Pursuing Zhu Xi's "Learning for One's Self" = 870
• The Legitimacy of Being Self-Interested = 871
• Luo Qiwishun and the Philosophy of Qi(I. BLOOM) = 874
• Monism of Qi = 875
• Human Nature = 877
• Desires and Feelings = 879
• The Nature of Knowledge = 880
• Chen Jian and His Thorough Critique(WTdB) = 884
• Diagram of the Mind = 886
• The Practical Learning of L$$\ddot u$$ KUN(JOANNA HANDLIN SMITH) = 887
• Restoration of Community Schools = 888
• Frugality and Famine Relief = 892
• Music in the Home = 895
• Education for Women = 896
• Morality Books(R. G. CHU, WTdB) = 899
• The Treatise of the Most Exalted One on Moral Retribution(WTC) = 902
• The Silent Way of Recompense(Yinzhiwen)(WTC) = 902
• Ledgers of Merit and Demerit = 904
• The Ledger of Merit and Demerit of the Taiwei Immortal(R. G. Chu) = 905
• Yuan Huang's Ledger(RGC) = 906
• Morality Books and Social Change = 908
• A Synthetic Compilation of Ledgers of Merit and Demerit(Sakai Tadao) = 909
• Meritorious Deeds at No Coat = 911
• The Donglin Academy(HEINRICH BUSCH, WTdB) = 916
• Gu Xiancheng : Compact for Meetings of the Donglin Academy = 919
• Liu Zengzhou on Life arid Death(TU WEIMING) = 923
• "Teaching on life and Death"("Shengsi shuo") = 923
• Glossary of Key Terms = 925
• Bibliography = 929
• Pinyin to Wade-Giles Romanization Chart = 941
• Index = 943
• [Volume. 2]----------
• CONTENTS
• Explanatory Note = xvii
• PART FIVE The Maturation of Chinese Civilization and New Challenges to Chinese Tradition = 1
• 25. The Chinese Tradition in Retrospect = 3
• Huang Zonxi's Critique of the Chinese Dynastic System = 4
• Waiting for the Dawn : A Plan for the Prince = 6
• L$$\ddot u$$ Liuliang's Radical Orthodoxy = 18
• Commentaries on the Four Books = 19
• Late Confucian Scholarship : Wang Fuzhi(Ian MacMorran) = 26
• Cosmological Foundations = 28
• Wang's "Revision" of Orthodox Neo-Confucianism = 29
• Historical Trends = 30
• The Justification of Social and Cultural Divisions = 32
• The Preservation of Chinese Political and Cultural Integrity = 34
• Gu Yauwu, Beacon of Qing Scholarship = 35
• True Learning : broad Knowledge and a Sense of Shame = 36
• Preface to Record of the Search for Antiquities = 38
• On the Concentration of Authority at Court = 38
• On Bureaucratic Local Administration, ca. 1660(William Rowe) = 39
• The Han Learning and Text Criticism = 41
• Dai Zhen and Zhang Xuecheng(Lynn Struve) = 44
• Dai Zhen's Text-Critical Moral Philosophy(L. Struve) = 44
• Letter to Shi Zhongming Concerning Scholarship(L. Struve) = 46
• Letter in Reply to Advanced Scholar Peng Yunchu(John Ewell) = 48
• Zhang Xueeheng's Philosophy of History(L. Struve) = 52
• "Virtue in the Historian" = 53
• "Virtue in the Writer" = 55
• Women's Learning(Susan Mann) = 57
• Cui Shu and the Critical Spirit = 60
• Foreword to the Essentials of the Record of Beliefs Investigated = 61
• Han Learning and Western Learning = 63
• The Qing Version of Neo-Confucian Orthodoxy = 66
• Village Lectures and the Sacred Edict = 70
• The Sacred Edict = 71
• 26. Popular Values and Beliefs / DAVID JOHNSON = 73
• Ensemble Performance = 74
• Ritual = 75
• A Procession on the Birthday of the Sanzong God = 76
• The Great Sai Ritual of Zhangzi County, Shanxi = 79
• The Refining Fire Ritual of Shenze Village, Zhejiang = 81
• The Attack on Hell, a Popular Funeral Ritual(John Lagerwey) = 86
• Opera = 92
• Mulian Rescues His Mother = 95
• Guo Ju Buries His Son = 105
• Solo Performance = 118
• Verse = 118
• "Woman Huang Explicates the Diamond S$$\bar u$$tra" = 118
• "Song of Guo Mountain" = 122
• Prose = 124
• Sacred Edict Lecturing = 125
• Chantefable = 126
• The Precious Scroll [Baojuan] on the Load of the Stove = 126
• Written Texts = 133
• Scriptures = 134
• The True Scripture of the Great Emperor = 135
• Tracts = 138
• Selections from The Twenty-four Exemplars of Filial Piety = 138
• 27. Chinese Responses to Early Christian Contacts / DAVID MUNGELLO = 142
• Li Zhizao : Preface to The True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven = 144
• Xu Guangqi : A Memorial in Defense of the [Western] Teaching = 147
• Yang Guangxian's Critique of Christianity = 150
• Yang Guangxian : Ⅰ Cannot Do Otherwise(Budeyi)(John D. Young) = 150
• Zhang Xingyao and the Inculturation of Christianity = 152
• An Examination of the Similarities and Differences Between the Lord of Heaven Teaching [Christianity] and the Teaching of the Confucian Scholars = 153
• 28. Chinese Statecraft and the Opening of China to the West = 155
• Chen Hougmou and Mid-Qing Statecraft(William Rowe) = 156
• On Substantive Learning = 157
• On Universal Education = 160
• On Women's Education = 161
• On the Duties of an Official = 162
• On Governance by Local Elites = 167
• Statecraft in the Grain Trade and Government-Controlled Brokerages(Pierre-Etienne Will) = 168
• A Memorial on Grain Prices, the Grain Trade, and Government-Controlled Brokerages = 169
• Hong Liangji : On Imperial Malfeasance and China's Population Problem(K. C. Liu) = 172
• Letter to Prince Cheng Earnestly Discussing the Political Affairs of the Time, 1799 = 172
• China's Population Problem = 174
• The Deterioration of Local Government = 176
• The Roots of Rebellion = 178
• Gong Zizhen's Reformist Vision(K C. Liu) = 179
• On the Lack of Moral Fiber Among Scholar-Officials = 180
• Institutional Paralysis and the Need for Reform = 181
• The Scholar-Teacher and Service to a Dynasty = 185
• Respect for the Guest = 183
• Wei Yuan and Confucian Practicality(K. C. Liu) = 184
• The Learning of Statecraft = 184
• Wei Yuan : Preface to Anthology of Qing Statecraft Writings(Huangchao jingshi wenbian) = 185
• Criteria for Anthology of Qing Statecraft Writings = 186
• Learning and the Role of Scholar-Officials = 188
• On Governance(Philip Kuhn) = 188
• The Pursuit of Profit = 192
• On Institutional Progress in History = 194
• On Merchants and Reform = 196
• On Taxation and the Merchants = 196
• On Reform of the Tribute-Rice Transport System, 1825 = 197
• On Reform of the Sail Monopoly = 197
• The Western Intrusion Into China = 198
• The Lesson of Lin Zexu = 201
• Letter to the English Ruler = 202
• Letter to Wu Zixu on the Need for Western Guns and Ships = 205
• Wei Yuan and the West = 206
• Preface to Military History of the Qing Dynasty(Shengwu jixu), 1842(K. C. Liu) = 207
• Preface to Illustrated Gazetteer of the Maritime Countries(Haiguo tuzhi) = 209
• 29. The Heavenly Kingdom of the Taipings = 213
• The Book of Heavenly Commandments(Tiantiao shu) = 218
• A Primer in Verse(Youxue shi) = 221
• The Taiping Economic Program = 223
• The Principles of the Heavenly Nature(Tianqing daolishu) = 226
• PART SIX Reform and Revolution = 231
• 30. Moderate Reform and the Self-Strengthening Movement / K. C. LIU = 233
• Feng Guifen : On the Manufacture of Foreign Weapons = 235
• On the Adoption of Western Learning = 237
• Zeng Guefan and Li Heraphang : On Sending Young Men Abroad to Study = 240
• Xue Fucheng : On Reform = 242
• Zhang Zhidong : Exhortation to Learn = 244
• 31. Radical Reform at the End the Qing = 250
• Wang Tao on Reform = 251
• Yan Fu on Evolution and Progress(DON PRICE) = 254
• "On Strength" = 256
• Kang Youwei and the Reform Movement = 260
• Confucius As a Reformer = 266
• The Three Ages = 267
• The Need for Reforming Institutions = 269
• The Grand Commonality = 270
• Conservative Reactions(CHESTER TAN) = 273
• Chu Chengbo : Reforming Men's Minds Comes Before Reforming Institutions = 275
• Zhu Yixin : Fourth Letter in Reply to Kang Youwei = 276
• Ye Dehui : The Superiority of China and Confucianism = 278
• Tan Sitong = 280
• The Study of Humanity = 281
• Reform Edict of January 29, 1901(DOUGLAS MURRAY) = 284
• Liang Qichao = 287
• Renewing the People = 288
• "The Consciousness of Rights"(Peter Zarrow) = 293
• "The Concept of the Nation"(P. Zarrow) = 295
• Liang Qichao and the New Press(Joan Judge) = 298
• Inaugural Statement for the Eastern Times(Shibao)(J. Judge) = 300
• Advocates of Script Reform(VICTOR MAIR) = 302
• Song Shu : Illiteracy in China = 303
• Lu Zhuangzhang's Attempt at Romanization = 304
• Shen Xue's Universal Script = 305
• Wang Zhao's "Mandarin Letters" = 307
• Zhaug Binglin's Revolutionary Nationalism(P. ZARROW) = 308
• Letter Opposing Kang Youwei's Views on Revolution = 309
• 32. The Nationalist Revolution = 314
• Sun Yat-sen and the Nationalist Revolution = 314
• Hu Hanmin = 316
• The Six Principles of the People's Report" = 316
• Sun Yat-sen = 320
• The Three Peoples Principles = 320
• The Principle of Democracy = 323
• The People's Livelihood = 326
• The Three Stages of Revolution = 328
• Democracy and Absolutism : The Debate Over Political Tutelage = 330
• Luo Longji : What Kind of Political System Do We Want? = 331
• Jiang Tingfu : "Revolution and Absolutism" = 334
• Hu Shi : "National Reconstruction and Absolutism" = 336
• Chiang Kai-shek : Nationalism and Traditionalism = 337
• Chiang Kai-shek : Essentials of the New Life Movement = 340
• China's Destiny = 344
• Jiang Jingguo(Chiang Ching-kuo) : The Republic of China in Taiwan = 347
• The Evolution of Constitutional Democracy in Taiwan = 348
• Implementing "The Three People's Principles" = 349
• 33. The New Culture Movement / WING-TSIT CHAN = 351
• The Attack on Confucianism = 352
• Chen Duxiu : "The Way of Confucius and Modern Life" = 353
• The Literary Revolution = 356
• Hu Shi : "A Preliminary Discussion of Literary Reform" = 357
• Chen Duxiu : "On Literary Revolution" = 360
• Hu Shi : "Constructive Literary Revolution - A Literature of National Speech" = 361
• The Doubting of Antiquity = 364
• Cu Jiegang : Preface to Debates on Ancient History(1926) = 364
• A New Philosophy of Life = 366
• Chen Duxiu : The True Meaning of Life = 366
• Hu Shi : "Pragmatism" = 368
• The Debate on Science and the Philosophy of Life = 370
• Zhang Junmai : "The Philosophy of Life" = 370
• Ding Wenjiang : "Metaphysics and Science" = 372
• Wit Zhihui : "A New Concept of the Universe and Life Based on a New Belief" = 374
• Hu Shi : Science and Philosophy of Life = 375
• The Controversy Over Chinese and Western Cultures = 377
• Lang Qichao : "Travel Impressions from Europe" = 378
• Liang Shuniing : Chinese Civilization vis-$$\bprime a$$-vis Eastern and Western Philosophies = 379
• Reconstructing the Community = 382
• Hu Shi : Our Attitude Toward Modern Western Civilization = 386
• Sa Mengwu, He Bingsong, and Others : "Declaration for Cultural Construction on a Chinese Basis" = 387
• Hu Shi : Criticism of the Declaration for Cultural Construction on a Chinese Basis" = 388
• Radical Critiques of Traditional Society / Peter Zarrow = 389
• He Zhen : "What Women Should Know About Communism" = 389
• Women's Revenge = 392
• Han Yi : "Destroying the Family" = 394
• 34. The Communist Revolution = 396
• The Seedhed of the Communist Revolution : The Peasantry and the Anarcho-Communist Movement / PETER ZARROW = 399
• Liu Shipei : "Anarchist Revolution and Peasant Revolution" = 400
• Li Dazhao : The Victory of Bolshevism = 404
• Mao's Revolutionary Doctrine = 406
• "Report on an Investigation of the Hunan Peasant Movement" = 406
• "The Question of Land Redistribution" = 411
• The Chinese Revolution and the Chinese Communist Party = 412
• The Mass Line = 417
• On New Democracy = 418
• The Dictatorship of the People's Democracy = 423
• 35. Chinese Communist Praxis = 426
• Liu Shaoqi : How to Be a Good Communist = 427
• Mao Zedong : The Rectification Campaign = 432
• Report of the Propaganda Bureau of the Central Committee on the Zhengfeng Reform Movement, April 1942 = 432
• Wang Shiwei : "Wild Lily" = 434
• Liu Shaoqi : "On Inner-Party Struggle" = 435
• Mao Zedong : "Combat Liberalism" = 439
• Mao Zedong : "On Art and Literature" = 441
• Wang Shiwei : "Political Leaders, Artists" = 444
• Ding Ling : "Thoughts on March 8, 1942" = 446
• 36. The Mao Regime = 450
• Establishment of the People's Republic = 450
• Mao Zedong : "Leaning to One Side" = 452
• Mao Zedong : "Stalin Is Our Commander" = 453
• Guo Moruo : Ode to Stalin - "Long Live Stalin" on His Seventieth Birthday, 1949(Chao-ying Fang) = 454
• Ji Yun : "How China Proceeds with the Task of Industrialization"(1953) = 455
• Li Fuqun : "Report on the First Five-Year Plan for Development of the National Economy of the People's Republic of China in 1953-1957, July 5 and 6, 1955" = 456
• Changes in Mid-Course = 458
• Mao Zedong : "The Question of Agricultural Cooperation," July 31, 1955 = 458
• Mao Zedong : "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" = 459
• Lin Binyan : "A Higher Kind of Loyalty" = 464
• Intellectual Opinions from the Hundred Flowers Period = 465
• Mao Zedong : Remarks at the Beidaihe Conference, August 1958 = 468
• Peng Dehuai : "Letter of Opinion" to Mao Zedong on the Great Leap Forward, July 1959 = 469
• Wu Han : "Hai Rui Scolds the Emperor," June 19, 1959 = 471
• The Cultural Revolution = 474
• The Sixteen Points : Guidelines for the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution = 474
• Quotations from Chairman Mao Zedong = 475
• "What Have Song Shuo, Lu Ping, and Peng Peiyun Done in the Cultural Revolution?" = 477
• Red Guard Memoirs = 478
• Wang Xizhe, Li Zhengtian, Chen Yiyang, Guo Hongzhi : "The Li Yi Zhe Poster." November 1974 = 479
• PART SEVEN The Return to Stability and Tradition = 483
• 37. Deng's "Modernization" and Its Critics / R. LUFRANO = 485
• The Turn to Stability and Modernization = 487
• Zhou Enlai : Report on the Work of the Government," delivered on January 13. 1975, at the First Session of the Fourth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China = 487
• Communiqu$$e'$$ of the Thirt Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, December 22, 1978 = 488
• Yu Qiuli : "The Relationship Between Politics and Economics" = 491
• "Uphold the Four Basic Principles Speech by Deng Xiaoping, March 30, 1979 = 492
• "Building Socialist Spiritual Civilization," Letter from Li Chang. Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, to a Member of the Party Central Committee, December 1980 = 493
• Offices of the CCP Dehong Dal Nationality and Qingbo Autonomous Zhou Committee : "Several Questions in Strengthening and Perfecting the Job Responsibility Systems of Agricultural Production." November 7, 1980 = 494
• Early Critiques of the Deng Regime = 496
• Publication Statement, Beijing Spring Magazine, January 1979 = 496
• Wei Jingsheng : The Fifth Modernization - Democracy, 1978(Kristina Torgeson) = 497
• Democracy or New Dictatorship, Exploration. March 1979 = 500
• Wall Poster from the April Fifth Forum = 501
• Hu Ping : "On Freedom of Speech." Written for His Successful 1980 Campaign to Become Beijing University's Delegate to the Haidian District People's Assembly = 502
• Wang Ruoshui : "Discussing the Question of Alienation" = 503
• Wang Ruoshui : "In Defense of Humanism" = 505
• Assessing the New Policies = 507
• Deng Xiaoping : "Build Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" = 507
• Chen Yun : Speech Given at the Chinese Communist National Representative Conference. September 23, 1985 = 510
• New Demands for Change and Democracy = 512
• Fang Lizhi : Democracy, Reform, and Modernization = 512
• Fang Lizhi : "Reform and Intellectuals." Talk Given in 1986 = 516
• Fang Lizhi : "The Social Responsibility of Today's Intellectuals," Speech Given at Beijing University, November 4, 1985 = 516
• Li Xiaojiang : "Awakening of Women's Consciousness" = 517
• The New Authoritarianism = 520
• Wu Jiaxiang : "An Outline for Studying the New Authoritarianism," May 1989 = 520
• Rong Jian : "Does China Need an Authoritarian Political System in the Course of Modernization?." May 1989 = 522
• Yan Jiaqi : "How China Can Become Prosperous" = 523
• 38. Twentieth-Century Christianity in China / JULIA CHING = 527
• Ma Xiangbo = 528
• Religion and the State(Ruth Hayhoe) = 530
• Religion and Culture(R. Hayhoe) = 531
• Zhao Zichen = 533
• "Present-Day Religious Thought and Life in China" = 534
• Leadership and Citizenship Training = 535
• Wu Yaozong = 536
• "The Present-Day Tragedy of Christianity" = 537
• "The Reformation of Christianity" = 539
• The Christian Manifesto = 539
• Wang Mingdao = 540
• "We, Because of Faith" = 540
• Wu Jingxiong : Christianity and Chinese Tradition = 541
• "Beyond East and West" = 542
• "The Lotus and the Mud" = 543
• 39. Reopening the Debate on Chinese Tradition = 545
• The New Confucians = 545
• Xiong Shili(Tu Weiming) = 547
• Manifesto for a Reappraisal of Sinology and the Reconstruction of Chinese Culture = 550
• Mou Zongsan's Confucian Philosophy(JOHN BERTHRONG) = 558
• The Sensitivity and Steadfastness of Humaneness(ren) = 558
• Feng Youlan : "China - An Ancient Nation with a New Mission" = 561
• The Continuing Critique of Tradition = 564
• Bo Yang : "The Ugly Chinaman" = 565
• Sun Longji : "The Deep Structure of Chinese Culture" = 568
• Su Xiaokang and Wang Luxiang : "River Elegy," a Television Documentary = 570
• Li Zehou : "A Reevaluation of Confucianism"(Woei Lien Chong) = 574
• Gu Mu : Confucianism as the Essence of Chinese Tradition = 581
• Bibliography = 585
• Index = 595