지역사회 거주 노인의 근감소증 유병률, 인지기능과의 관계 및 중재연구 동향: 체계적 문헌고찰 = Current Research Trends on Prevalence, Correlates with Cognitive Function, and Intervention on Sarcopenia in Community-dwelling Older Adults: Systematic Review

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This systematic review was performed to investigate relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults. Studies which reported prevalence rates of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults, relationships between sarcopenia and cognitive dysfunction, or effective interventions in alleviated symptoms of sarcopenia were selected. Of 43 studies reviewed, prevalence rate of sarcopenia ranged from 2.5-42.4% in 25 studies, and 4 studies revealed a significantly positive correlation between sarcopenia and cognitive dysfunction. Among 12 randomized-control trials (RCTs), exercise intervention was used in 2 studies; nutrition intervention in 6; and 4 studies included both the exercise and nutrition interventions. All interventional studies reported positive effects on muscle mass, muscle strength, or physical function. However, only 6 studies met the high quality criteria of Risk of Bias, and there was no study which evaluated cognitive function as an outcome measure. Therefore, this study draws attention to the lack of high-quality RCTs and exclusion of cognitive function as an outcome measure in the research of sarcopenia. A comprehensive and sustained system including standardized sarcopenia screening, assessments of cognitive functioning, and evidence-based intervention programs is needed in order to prevent and manage sarcopenia amongst older adults in the community.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 국내･외 지역사회에 거주하는 노인의 근감소증과 인지기능에 관한 연구 동향을 파악하기 위해 수행된 체계적 문헌 고찰이다. 본 연구의 선정 논문은 국내･외 문헌 중 지역사회에 거주하는 노인을 대상으로 근감소증의 유병률 또는 근감소증과 인지기능의 상관관계를 조사하였거나, 근감소증 완화 목적으로 시행된 중재 연구로, 총 43편의 논문이 포함되었다. 국내･외 근감소증의 유병률은 총 25편의 논문에서 2.5-42.4%의 다양한 범위로 보고되었으며, 인지기능과의 관계를 분석한 6편의 논문 중 4편에서 근감소증과 인지기능 저하가 유의한 양의 상관관계로 보고되었다. 근감소증 개선을 위한 중재 연구 12편에서 근육량, 근력 또는 신체 기능 향상에 대한 중재 효과를 확인하였으나, 근감소증 결과지표로 인지기능 평가를 시행한 논문은 없었다. 지역사회 거주 노인을 대상으로 근감소증을 예방 및 개선하고 효과를 평가하기 위해서는 표준화된 진단을 적용한 지역사회 내 근감소증 감시체계와 신체기능 뿐만 아니라 인지기능 평가를 포함하는 포괄적이고 지속적인 근감소증 관리체계가 필요하다. 또한 지역사회 기반 근감소증 예방을 위한 근거를 생산하기 위해 지속적인 중재연구의 개발 및 적용이 요구된다.

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